Titanium carbonitride films on cemented carbide cutting tool prepared by pulsed high energy density plasma

Hard films prepared by pulsed high energy density plasma (PHEDP) are characterized by high film/substrate adhesive strength, and high wear resistance. Titanium carbonitride (TiCN) films were deposited onto YG11C (ISO G20) cemented carbide cutting tool substrates by PHEDP at room temperature. XRD, XPS, SEM, AES, etc. were adopted to analyze the phases (elements) composition, microstructure and the interface of the films, respectively. The results show that, the uniform dense films are composed of grains ranging from 70 to 90 nm. According to the AES result, there is a broad transition layer between the film and the substrate, due to the ion implantation effect of the PHEDP. The transition layer is favorable for the film/substrate adhesion.     

Super-Wavelets and Decomposable Wavelet Frames

A wavelet frame is called decomposable whenever it is equivalent to a superwavelet frame of length greater than one. Decomposable wavelet frames are closely related to some problems on super-wavelets. In this article we first obtain some necessary or sufficient conditions for decomposable Parseval wavelet frames. As an application of these conditions, we prove that for each n > 1 there exists a Parseval wavelet frame which is m-decomposable for any 1 < m ≤ n, but not k-decomposable for any k > n. Moreover, there exists a super-wavelet whose components are non-decomposable. Similarly we also prove that for each n > 1, there exists a Parseval wavelet frame that can be extended to a super-wavelet of length m for any 1 < m ≤ n, but can not be extended to any super-wavelet of length k with k > n. The connection between decomposable Parseval wavelet frames and super-wavelets is investigated, and some necessary or sufficient conditions for extendable Parseval wavelet frames are given.     

Specular reflectance of cold-rolled aluminum surfaces

The specular reflectance of cold-rolled aluminum surface is studied using a fiber optic system. An approximation for the determination of surface roughness is presented.     

Melt rheology of polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites

In this article, the linear and nonlinear shear rheological behaviors of polylactide (PLA)/clay (organophilic‐montmorillonite) nanocomposites (PLACNs) were investigated by an Advanced Rheology Expanded System rheometer. The nanocomposites were prepared by master batch method using a twin‐screw extruder with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) as a compatibilizer. The presence of org‐MMT leads to obvious pseudo‐solid‐like behaviors of nanocomposite melts. The behaviors caused by the formation of a “percolating network” derived from the reciprocity among the strong related sheet particles. Therefore, the storage moduli, loss moduli, and dynamic viscosities of PLACNs show a monotonic increase with MMT content. Nonterminal behaviors exists in PLACNs nanocomposites. Besides the PLACNs melts show a greater shear thinning tendency than pure PLA melt because of the preferential orientation of the MMT layers. Therefore, PLACNs have higher moduli but better processibility compared with pure PLA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 3189–3196, 2007     

Thickness dependence of free‐standing thin films

Below a critical thickness, of about 60 nm, the glass transition temperature of polystyrene (PS) films decreases with film thickness, as demonstrated using free‐standing films. A geometrical model is developed here describing this phenomenon in the case of ideal (Gaussian) chains. This model, which can be considered as an application of the free volume model, assumes that the decrease of the glass transition temperature from thick to ultrathin films is due to the modification of the interpenetration between neighboring chains. The theoretical curve deduced from the model is in excellent agreement with the PS experimental results, without using any adjustable parameters. From these results, it can be concluded that new chain motions, usually buried in bulk samples, are expressed by the presence of the surface. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 10–17, 2007     

Synthesis of enantiomeric-pure cyclohexenyl nucleoside building blocks for oligonucleotide synthesis

Lipases were used for the resolution of (±) (4aR, 7R, 8aS)-2-phenyl-4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-1,3-benzodioxine. This separation was carried out on preparative scale and used for the synthesis of eight phosphoramidites of cyclohexenyl nucleosides (d- and l-series).     

一种高温超导磁悬浮装置

本文介绍一个基于倒挂吸引式(EMS)原理的高温超导磁悬浮试验装置．这个装置由高温超导磁体、单臂梁金属导轨、位置传感器、控制电路等组成．绕制超导磁体线圈所用的是Bi-2223／Ag高温超导线材．超导磁体工作在激磁电流为3．2A时，在5mm的空气间隙中产生0．21T的磁通密度，与单臂梁金属导轨可产生72N的垂直悬浮力．通过引入压控电流源，利用常规的超前一滞后校正实现了该磁悬浮装置的稳定悬浮和鲁棒控制，在负载变化87．5%的情况下仍能实现超导磁悬浮装置的稳定悬浮．该试验装置首次验证了高温超导线圈的可控性问题，为进一步探索高温超导线圈用于磁悬浮轨道交通系统的可行性打下了基础．     

Propagation characteristics of linearly polarized Bessel-Gaussian beams through an annular apertured paraxial ABCD optical system

By means of Collins diffraction integral formula in the paraxial approximation and based on the fact that a hard aperture function can be expanded into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions, an approximate analytical expression for linearly polarized Bessel-Gaussian beams passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system with an annular aperture has been derived. The results provide more convenient for studying their propagation and transformation than the usual way by using diffraction integral directly. By using the analytical expression and the diffraction integral formula some numerical simulations are done to illustrate for the propagation characteristics of a linearly polarized Bessel-Gaussian beam through an optical system with an annular aperture.     

A comparison between optically active CdZnSe/ZnSe and CdZnSe/ZnBeSe self-assembled quantum dots: effect of beryllium

The composition and size of optically active Cd_xZn_1−xSe/ZnSe quantum dots are estimated with a previously developed method. The results are then compared with those obtained for Cd_xZn_1−xSe/Zn_0.97Be_0.03Se QDs. We show that introducing Be into the barrier material enhances both Cd composition and quantum size effect of optically active quantum dots.